今天(tian)適普益康體(ti)育(yu)給大家介紹下網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)地(di)的規劃和相關(guan)知識(shi),希望在你正式加入網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)軍隊(dui)之(zhi)前看到此文章(zhang)有(you)了一(yi)個對(dui)網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的了解,總所周知,網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)已經成為各(ge)(ge)大城市白(bai)領休閑的熱門喜好，各(ge)(ge)大城市的網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)俱樂部(bu)如(ru)(ru)雨后(hou)春筍搬多了起來，究竟網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)是如(ru)(ru)何(he)能(neng)讓能(neng)如(ru)(ru)此瘋狂般愛上呢？今天(tian)我就(jiu)帶你了解下網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)地(di)平面(mian)圖及(ji)標準(zhun)尺(chi)寸：
第一、網球場的種類有哪些？
網球場地有丙烯酸網球場、硅PU網球場、紅土網球場、天然草坪網球場、泥地(di)(di)（砂地(di)(di)），隨著科學(xue)技術(shu)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)，又出現了人造草皮網(wang)球場(chang)以及面層(ceng)材料不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)塑(su)膠網(wang)球場(chang)地(di)(di)等。不(bu)同(tong)類型(xing)的(de)(de)網(wang)球場(chang)地(di)(di)其面層(ceng)材料具(ju)有不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)性(xing)能，并在(zai)建造中都有一定的(de)(de)技術(shu)標準和(he)規范要求(qiu)。不(bu)同(tong)面層(ceng)材料的(de)(de)塑(su)膠網(wang)球場(chang)地(di)(di)在(zai)維(wei)護和(he)保養方(fang)面，必須注(zhu)意化學(xue)溶劑、有色(se)素飲料的(de)(de)污染，禁止(zhi)在(zai)場(chang)上進行基礎作業(ye)，防止(zhi)敲(qiao)打、劃傷場(chang)地(di)(di)表層(ceng)等。
※ 測量：所有(you)的測量都應(ying)到線的外沿為止。
※ 顏(yan)(yan)色(se)(se)：所有的線(xian)應是(shi)同一顏(yan)(yan)色(se)(se)，球場(chang)后面(mian)放(fang)置的廣告或其(qi)他物品，不得(de)使(shi)用白(bai)色(se)(se)、黃色(se)(se)。任何(he)汪顏(yan)(yan)色(se)(se)，只有當其(qi)不妨礙打球者(zhe)視(shi)線(xian)時，方可(ke)使(shi)用。
※ 緩(huan)沖區：邊(bian)線(xian)至固定(ding)(ding)障(zhang)礙物(wu)的(de)距離(li)至少(shao)(shao)為36.58米(mi)(mi)；端(duan)線(xian)至固定(ding)(ding)障(zhang)礙物(wu)的(de)距離(li)至少(shao)(shao)為6.401米(mi)(mi)；帶看(kan)臺的(de)球場(chang)端(duan)線(xian)至固定(ding)(ding)障(zhang)礙物(wu)的(de)距離(li)至少(shao)(shao)為8.23米(mi)(mi)；場(chang)地之間(jian)的(de)距離(li)為7.315米(mi)(mi)或至少(shao)(shao)為3.658米(mi)(mi)；球場(chang)上方(fang)固定(ding)(ding)障(zhang)礙物(wu)高(gao)度(du)：邊(bian)線(xian)外36.58米(mi)(mi)處上方(fang)不得(de)低(di)(di)于(yu)5.486米(mi)(mi)；端(duan)線(xian)外6.401米(mi)(mi)處上方(fang)不得(de)低(di)(di)于(yu)6.401米(mi)(mi)；球網上方(fang)不得(de)低(di)(di)于(yu)10.668米(mi)(mi)。
※ 單打(da)(da)場地尺寸(cun)：寬(kuan)8.23米(mi)、長22.77米(mi)；雙打(da)(da)場地尺寸(cun)：寬(kuan)10.97米(mi)、長期23.77米(mi)；
※ 場地(di)劃線(xian)：發球(qiu)中(zhong)線(xian)線(xian)寬應(ying)為5CM，端線(xian)最(zui)大寬度不超過(guo)10CM，所(suo)有(you)其(qi)它線(xian)的寬度均應(ying)在(zai)大于(yu)2.5CM，小(xiao)于(yu)5CM。
一片(pian)(pian)(pian)標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)，占地(di)面(mian)積應不小于(yu)670㎡（長36.60米(mi)(mi)、寬18.30米(mi)(mi)），其中(zhong)(zhong)雙(shuang)打場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)標準(zhun)尺寸為(wei)(wei)(wei)長23.77米(mi)(mi)、寬10.97米(mi)(mi)。如果是(shi)兩(liang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)或兩(liang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)以(yi)上相(xiang)鄰而(er)建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)并行(xing)網球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)，兩(liang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)之間距離應不小于(yu)5米(mi)(mi)。 這片(pian)(pian)(pian)長方形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角逐場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)再用球(qiu)(qiu)網橫(heng)隔成兩(liang)個(ge)等(deng)區(qu)(qu)。場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)上縱(zong)橫(heng)交錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)白線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)都有各(ge)(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱(cheng)，球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)兩(liang)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“端線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”，球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)兩(liang)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)(wei)“邊線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”；在(zai)球(qiu)(qiu)網兩(liang)側6.40米(mi)(mi)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)內各(ge)(ge)畫(hua)一條(tiao)與(yu)邊線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)平(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“發球(qiu)(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”；聯結兩(liang)發球(qiu)(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)點畫(hua)一條(tiao)與(yu)邊線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)平(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)“中(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”；中(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)球(qiu)(qiu)網成“十(shi)”字(zi)形，將(jiang)發球(qiu)(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)邊線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)面(mian)分成四個(ge)相(xiang)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)域，稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“發球(qiu)(qiu)區(qu)(qu)”；在(zai)端線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心，向場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)內畫(hua)一條(tiao)垂直于(yu)端線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)點”。全場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)各(ge)(ge)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丈(zhang)量(liang)，除中(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)外都從各(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上沿計算，場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)上所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應是(shi)同(tong)一顏色(se)（白色(se)或黃(huang)色(se)）。
第三、球網的規格大小
單打球網長為10.06米，雙打球網長為12.8米，球網上沿用5~6.3厘米寬的白色帆布包縫，并用直徑不超過0.8厘米的鋼絲繩穿起來，掛在場中央離邊線0.914米以外的網柱上，球網應充分展開，完全填滿兩柱之間的空隙，球網網孔大小以不讓球穿過為準。球網的中央高為0.914米，并用5厘米寬的白布速帶束于地面。要求球網的下邊須和地面接觸。
網球場平面圖
第四、網球柱的規格大小
網柱(zhu)球(qiu)網兩(liang)側的網柱(zhu)高1.07米，支柱(zhu)的直徑或邊長不超過7.5厘(li)米。
第五、球場的固定物
球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)固定物除了球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、網(wang)(wang)(wang)柱、單(dan)(dan)打(da)支(zhi)柱、繩或鋼絲繩、中心(xin)帶(dai)、網(wang)(wang)(wang)邊(bian)白布(bu)外(wai)，還(huan)包括球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)四周(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)（室外(wai)網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)四周(zhou)圍擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)高(gao)度一閽?~6米之間），看臺、固定的(de)(de)(de)(de)或可移(yi)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)座位、座椅(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)及安置(zhi)在(zai)場(chang)(chang)地(di)周(zhou)圍上(shang)空的(de)(de)(de)(de)設備，如照明(ming)燈具，應(ying)(ying)設置(zhi)在(zai)室外(wai)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)兩(liang)側擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)上(shang)方，距(ju)地(di)面高(gao)7.60米以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，每片網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)地(di)平(ping)均(jun)照明(ming)度應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)600個勒(le)克斯。在(zai)球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、中心(xin)帶(dai)、網(wang)(wang)(wang)邊(bian)白布(bu)或單(dan)(dan)打(da)支(zhi)柱上(shang)均(jun)不得有廣告。如在(zai)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)后面放(fang)置(zhi)廣告或其他(ta)物品時(shi)，則不得使(shi)用白色(se)(se)、黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)或淺顏色(se)(se)，如廣告放(fang)置(zhi)在(zai)位于(yu)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)后面的(de)(de)(de)(de)司(si)線員的(de)(de)(de)(de)坐椅(yi)(yi)上(shang)，這(zhe)些廣告也不得使(shi)用白色(se)(se)、黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)或其他(ta)淺顏色(se)(se)，以(yi)(yi)免干(gan)擾(rao)運(yun)動員的(de)(de)(de)(de)視(shi)線
第六、網球場地周圍空地
端線以外至少要有6.40米的空地，邊線以外至少要有3.66米的空地，如果是室內網球場，端(duan)線(xian)6.40米以外的(de)上空凈(jing)(jing)高(gao)應不少于(yu)6.40米，室內屋頂在球網上空的(de)凈(jing)(jing)高(gao)汪少于(yu)11.50米。國際網聯規(gui)定，室內館球場上空的(de)凈(jing)(jing)高(gao)應為12.50米。
第七、場地各線段的寬度
全場除端線可寬至10厘(li)米外(wai)，其(qi)他(ta)各(ge)線的寬度均在2.5-5厘(li)米范(fan)圍之內。全場各(ge)區(qu)域的丈量(liang)除中線外(wai)，均從各(ge)線的外(wai)沿量(liang)計算。
第八、 網球場地的劃線分法
1、單打和雙打兼用的(de)場劃線步(bu)驟
2、首(shou)先選擇球網(wang)(wang)位置(zhi)，劃一(yi)(yi)長(chang)(chang)12.8米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（基準線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)處(chu)做一(yi)(yi)記(ji)號X，然后(hou)由(you)此點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向兩側丈(zhang)量(liang)，定點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)如下：a、b點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各(ge)(ge)(ge)距中(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X4.11米(mi)(mi)，球網(wang)(wang)于此處(chu)與單(dan)打邊(bian)(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)交。n、n點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為單(dan)打支柱的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)距中(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X5.03米(mi)(mi)。A、B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各(ge)(ge)(ge)距中(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X5.49米(mi)(mi)，球網(wang)(wang)與此處(chu)與雙打邊(bian)(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)交。N、N點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為雙打網(wang)(wang)柱的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)距中(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X6.40米(mi)(mi)。 在(zai)(zai)A、B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)加釘，并分(fen)別(bie)與一(yi)(yi)量(liang)尺的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)相(xiang)連，從A點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)心(xin)量(liang)16.18米(mi)(mi)成AC線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（半場(chang)(chang)對角(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），從B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)11.89米(mi)(mi)成BC線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（半場(chang)(chang)邊(bian)(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），然后(hou)拉緊AC、BC線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，使這兩線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)交于C點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即半場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)角(jiao)。反向丈(zhang)量(liang)可找出另一(yi)(yi)角(jiao)D點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。上述操作(zuo)是否準確，可檢驗CD線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)度，這條端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)長(chang)(chang)10.97米(mi)(mi)。同時可標出中(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)J和(he)單(dan)打邊(bian)(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，c、d兩點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分(fen)別(bie)距C、D點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1.37米(mi)(mi)。 中(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)發球線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)各(ge)(ge)(ge)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)F、H、G均可分(fen)別(bie)在(zai)(zai)bc、XJ、ad線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上距球網(wang)(wang)6.40米(mi)(mi)處(chu)劃出。 用同樣的(de)(de)(de)方法再劃出球網(wang)(wang)另一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)球場(chang)(chang)。
只需單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)球場時(shi)，a、b、c、d、外邊(bian)之線(xian)均(jun)不必(bi)劃。也可在a、b處(chu)加釘(ding)，分別與一量尺相連以代替A、B，再用(yong)14.46米(mi)(mi)和11.89米(mi)(mi)的(de)長(chang)度，找(zhao)出(chu)單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)端線(xian)兩(liang)(liang)角c、d。網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)在n、n處(chu)，并應使用(yong)10米(mi)(mi)長(chang)的(de)單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)球網(wang)。 （三）單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)、雙(shuang)打(da)(da)兼用(yong)球場，若單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)時(shi)掛著(zhu)雙(shuang)打(da)(da)球網(wang)，則須在n、n處(chu)用(yong)兩(liang)(liang)根1.07米(mi)(mi)高的(de)支柱(zhu)(zhu)將網(wang)撐起(qi)，支柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)直徑(jing)或邊(bian)長(chang)不得(de)超過7.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，支柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)中心應距(ju)單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)外沿0.914米(mi)(mi)，這兩(liang)(liang)根網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)稱為(wei)“單(dan)(dan)一打(da)(da)支柱(zhu)(zhu)”。為(wei)了便于(yu)安置(zhi)單(dan)(dan)打(da)(da)支柱(zhu)(zhu)，應在場地(di)上的(de)n、n點處(chu)用(yong)白(bai)點標出(chu)。
